In Latin America, there are 185 Indigenous Peoples in Isolation currently at RISK! These Peoples in a state of extreme vulnerability face eight main threats that are the result of an agro-extractive and export-oriented development model protected by the States at all costs: Setback of territorial rights, deforestation, mining, oil and gas extraction, hydroelectric dams, road and highway construction, hot spots, drug trafficking.

This report has been an enormous collective effort to gather information in seven countries (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Venezuela) and in different regions. The document brings together the valuable experience of many indigenous and civil society organizations working to protect other isolated indigenous groups. The report includes a country chapter as well as a regional analysis of the situation of IPACI. In addition to the local and regional analysis, the report presents concrete recommendations to states, multilateral agencies and the organized civil society from the perspective of strengthening the protection of IPACI.

In 2012, the Brazilian government implemented the Federal Brigades Program (FBP), a fire policy strategy to hire and train firefighters to combat wildfires. This study analyzed the impact of this program on fire behavior before (2008–2012) and after (2013–2017) its implementation in the Parque do Araguaia Indigenous Land, the largest indigenous territory with the highest occurrence of fires in the Brazilian tropical savanna. We analyzed the annual pattern of fire incidence in the dry season, the fire impact per vegetation type, the recurrence, and the relationship between fire and precipitation. The datasets were based on active fire products derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the Landsat and Resourcesat-based burned area products, and the records of the fire combat operations. Our results showed that FBP contributed to the reduction of the number of areas affected by fires and to the formation of a more heterogeneous environment composed of fire-resistant and fire-sensitive native vegetation fragments. On the other hand, after the implementation of the FBP, there was an increase in the recurrence of 3–4 years of fires. We concluded that the FBP is an important public policy capable of providing improvements in fire management activities.

This document is a summary of the Trinational Report: Fires and Deforestation in Territories with Records of Indigenous Peoples in Isolation: Bolivia - Brazil - Paraguay. The summary presents the main findings from each of the countries as well as a regional analysis.

This report presents the impacts of fires recorded during 2019 for Indigenous Peoples in Isolation and Initial Contact (PIACI) and their territories, based on a methodology that incorporates three local situation reports. In these reports, the voices of the peoples who share territory with the PIACIs play a central role. Through maps, geo-referenced information and direct testimonies, the report reconstructs the serious events that occurred during 2019 in vast regions of the Amazon and the Gran Chaco Americano.